恶臭嗅辨实验室的建立与发展研究

在使用国家推荐标准方法《空气质量恶臭的测定三点比较式臭袋法》（GB／T14675—93）测定恶臭气体浓度时,环节较多较繁杂,需要人工配气和人工嗅辨,监测过程中使用的器材、设备较多,因此容易引入误差。笔者建议从器材设备、实验室布局、嗅辨员选择等方面加强质量管理,通过严格执行相关标准,规范配气和嗅辨环节,加强质量控制等措施建立标准、规范的实验室,以提高监测结果的准确性。文章也简要介绍了国内外针对该方法监测过程中人工配气、人工嗅辨、人工计算的三大环节所开展的探索。     

浅析我国军工产品低气压（高度）试验方法标准

介绍了低气压环境对军工产品的影响。针对目前主要适用于考核军工产品对低气压环境适应能力的我国现行有效标准GJB150．2A-2009与HB5830．14-1996进行探讨,简要分析了两个标准的性质、试验目的、应用范围、试验程序与条件、试验过程控制以及试验中断处理要求等方面的差别,对两个标准的分析理解内容可为相关技术人员在制定军工产品的低气压（高度）环境试验方案和实施大纲时提供有益的参考。     

直升机蒙皮典型结构有机涂层防护性能在模拟高原大气环境中的变化

目的评价服役于高原大气环境中的直升机蒙皮典型结构及其防护体系的防护性能。方法通过模拟高原大气环境加速试验方法再现直升机蒙皮典型结构防护体系实际服役过程中出现的损伤,利用扫描电镜对表面微观形貌进行观察,采用电化学阻抗谱测试研究有机涂层阻抗的变化。结果在实验室加速试验中,蒙皮试验件螺钉周边先出现局部腐蚀,之后腐蚀产物又逐渐减少,而铆钉周边经过多个周期后腐蚀产物都没有显著增多。螺钉中间区域有机涂层电化学阻抗模值直至第8个周期后与原始情况相比才大幅度下降,而铆钉中间区域有机涂层电化学阻抗模值在试验中多次明显下降。结论铆钉周边的有机涂层经过多个周期加速试验仍具有阻挡腐蚀性介质的作用。与螺钉结构的情况相比,铆钉中间区域有机涂层防护性能退化显著。     

军用飞机实验室气候环境试验项目分析

为了对军用飞机实验室气候环境试验进行项目规划,分析了国内外军用装备环境试验标准对军用飞机气候试验的适用性,得到了针对军用飞机的标准要求试验项目。通过对国内外相关文献的分析挖掘,分析了美国麦金利气候实验室可以开展的全机试验项目,并探讨了美军第四代战机进行的气候试验项目。根据以上结果,结合相关设计原则,给出了军用飞机实验室气候环境试验的具体规划,以及试验顺序,规划结果可以为将来国内军用飞机气候试验项目规划提供参考。     

基于VB的LIMS系统废气污染源数据快速录入方法研究

Laboratory Information Management System(LIMS)系统集中应用于实验室分析阶段,而在现场监测数据管理上依然存在不足,现场监测数据信息量大,LIMS系统暂未开发配套的数据便捷录入方式,而手动录入费时费力,故基于LIMS系统的监测数据快速录入问题亟待解决.该文以废气污染源数据为切入点,利用LIMS系统数据表导出功能,通过Visual Basic(VB)语言实现了废气污染源数据的LIMS系统快速录入,取代了手工数据录入方式,实现了针对LIMS系统数据管理的进一步优化,该文还就监测数据便捷录入发展阶段展开论述.     

鱼类实验动物的生物学特性及应用

本文阐述了鱼类实验动物的生物学特性,并综述了其作为实验动物在生物医学研究中的应用现状.     

Estimation of the possibility of cladoceran invasion and survival under conditions of competition in mesotrophic Lake Glubokoe

A possibility of introducing alien cladoceran species into the pelagial zone of mesotrophic Lake Glubokoe has been estimated. For this purpose, observations have been performed on the cohorts of alien species (Daphnia magna and Simocephalus exspinosus) and aboriginal species (Daphnia hyalina and Diaphanosoma brachyurum). The results show that competition is a factor preventing the introduction of weak competitors, such as D. magna, but admitting stronger competitors, e.g., S. exspinosus. Competition in the lake may influence not only the species structure of the zooplanktonic community, but also its vertical distribution.     

Thermal neutron fluence from ultra low-level γ-ray spectrometry of spoons activated during the JCO criticality accident at Tokai-mura in 1999

During the JCO-accident in Tokai-mura in 1999, the surrounding village was irradiated by an uncontrolled neutron flux. At some locations in that village, the thermal neutron flux was determined retrospectively by measurement of the very low activity of ⁵¹Cr and ⁶⁰Co in stainless-steel spoons using γ-ray spectrometry in underground laboratories. Activities determined in the HADES underground facility are presented here, together with calibrations performed using a well-defined thermal neutron flux to directly estimate the fluence of thermal neutrons independent of most assumptions. The results show measurable ⁵¹Cr in three samples and ⁶⁰Co in four samples taken from locations at distances of up to 430 m from the accident location despite the elapse of 4 half-lives of ⁵¹Cr before measurement. Effects of air transport of the samples were considered and shown to be negligible.     

Low or absent unconjugated estriol in pregnancy: an indicator for steroid sulfatase deficiency detectable by fluorescence in situ hybridization and biochemical analysis

It has been previously reported that a low or absent maternal serum unconjugated estriol (uE3) level is associated with placental steroid sulfatase (STS) deficiency. Here we report a correlation between patients who present with a very low or absent maternal serum uE3 and a deletion of the STS gene as assessed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). We studied nine prenatal cases that presented to the clinical laboratory with an abnormal triple screen, specifically low or absent maternal serum uE3 and a 46,XY karyotype. FISH analysis showed complete deletion of a probe containing the STS gene in six cases and one case had a partial deletion (reduced but not absent signal). The remaining two cases were not deleted for the STS probe. All mothers tested whose fetus showed a deletion were shown to be STS deletion carriers using FISH. Biochemical analysis was performed on 7/9 prenatal specimens. All fetuses deleted for the STS probe were also found to be deficient for STS by biochemical analysis of cultured amniotic fluid (5/5). Of the two fetuses not deleted for the STS probe, one was deficient for STS activity, while the other had a normal result. The abnormal result of enzyme deficiency by biochemical analysis in a non-deletion case likely represents a mutation in the STS gene, not detectable by this FISH assay. Postnatal FISH confirmation of the STS deletion was performed in 1/7 cases. Clinical follow-up was available for 4/9 cases following birth. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

发动机实验室的环保设计

通过对发动机实验室采用吸音、隔振、基础减振、排气通风等降噪和空气净化技术,实现了实验室的环保设计,使实验室内的噪音污染和空气质量都得到了较大的改善。